Row 7: francium to oganesson
Row 7: francium to oganesson: a chapter of The Periodic Table Book, with each element's symbol, number and story.
17 cards · Science
Each Zap teaches up to 5 new cards, so you learn the chapter a few at a time.
Checked by the Brain Zap team · reviewed 27 Oct 2026
Sources: Periodic Table of Elements (IUPAC), Periodic Table (Royal Society of Chemistry)
Preview
Symbol: Fr
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Francium
Learn more: Found by Marguerite Perey in 1939; only a tiny amount exists on Earth at any moment.
Symbol: Ra
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Radium
Learn more: It glows faintly; it was once painted on watch dials, which harmed the workers who painted them.
Symbol: Rf
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Rutherfordium
Learn more: Named after Ernest Rutherford; it lasts a few minutes at most once made.
Element 105
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Dubnium
Learn more: Named after Dubna, home of a nuclear research institute north of Moscow.
Symbol: Sg
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Seaborgium
Learn more: Glenn Seaborg was alive when it was named after him in 1997, a first for an element.
About this topic
The seventh row begins with francium and radium, rare radioactive metals found in nature, and continues, after the actinides, with the superheavy elements 104 to 118. None of these is found in nature: labs in Russia, Germany, the United States and Japan made them a few atoms at a time, and most last less than a second. Their names honour great scientists and the places where they were made. Oganesson completed the table's seventh row in 2016.
This is a chapter of The Periodic Table Book. Each card shows a symbol or an atomic number and asks for the element's name, with a hint before you answer and a fact after.
All 17 cards
Symbol: Fr
Francium
Learn more: Found by Marguerite Perey in 1939; only a tiny amount exists on Earth at any moment.
Symbol: Ra
Radium
Learn more: It glows faintly; it was once painted on watch dials, which harmed the workers who painted them.
Symbol: Rf
Rutherfordium
Learn more: Named after Ernest Rutherford; it lasts a few minutes at most once made.
Element 105
Dubnium
Learn more: Named after Dubna, home of a nuclear research institute north of Moscow.
Symbol: Sg
Seaborgium
Learn more: Glenn Seaborg was alive when it was named after him in 1997, a first for an element.
Symbol: Bh
Bohrium
Learn more: Named after Niels Bohr, who explained how electrons sit in shells around the nucleus.
Symbol: Hs
Hassium
Learn more: Named after Hesse, the German state where it was first made in 1984.
Symbol: Mt
Meitnerium
Learn more: Lise Meitner helped explain nuclear fission; she and Marie Curie are the women honoured by elements.
Symbol: Ds
Darmstadtium
Learn more: Named after Darmstadt, home of the lab that first made it in 1994.
Symbol: Rg
Roentgenium
Learn more: Named after Wilhelm Röntgen, who found X-rays in 1895.
Symbol: Cn
Copernicium
Learn more: Named in 2010 after Nicolaus Copernicus, who put the Sun at the centre of the Solar System.
Element 113
Nihonium
Learn more: Made in Japan, at the RIKEN lab; Nihon is a name for Japan in its own language.
Symbol: Fl
Flerovium
Learn more: Named after the Flerov Laboratory in Dubna, itself named after the physicist Georgy Flerov.
Symbol: Mc
Moscovium
Learn more: Named in 2016 after the Moscow region, home of the Dubna laboratory.
Symbol: Lv
Livermorium
Learn more: Named after the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, which helped make it.
Symbol: Ts
Tennessine
Learn more: Named in 2016 after Tennessee, home of the laboratory that made the material it was made from.
Element 118
Oganesson
Learn more: Named after Yuri Oganessian, only the second person alive to have an element named after them.
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